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Ostroumov S. A., Kolesnikov M. P. Biocatalysis of matter transfer in a microcosm is inhibited by a contaminant: effects of a surfactant on Lymnaea stagnalis. - Doklady Biological Sciences, Vol. 373, 2000, p. 397–399. [Translated from Doklady Akademii Nauk (DAN, ДАН), Vol. 373, No. 2, 2000, p. 278–280]. Abstract: Pellet excretion by the gastropods Lymnaea stagnalis feeding on the phytomass of macrophytes (such as Nuphar lutea) was 4–7 mg dry weight per 1 gram wet weight of the mollusks per 72 h. Pellet sedimentation contribute to vertical transfer of chemical elements in the ecosystem. The pellet composition depended on the species of the plants eaten by the mollusks. When the gastropods L. stagnalis feed on N. lutea, the pellets contain, in addition to organic and inorganic carbon, nitrogen (N, 2.3–2.9%), phosphorus (P, 0.4–0.5%), and silicium (Si, 1.1–1.9%). The relative content of Si was 30% higher than in the food phytomass. The surfactant tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TDTMA, 2 mg/L) inhibited the feeding rate of the mollusks and pellet production, their accumulation at the bottom of microcosms, and the matter transfer connected with this. The data obtained demonstrated a new aspect of the ecological hazard due to environmental pollution with TDTMA and other quaternary ammonium compounds at sublethal concentrations. According to the author opinion, other contaminants may also suppress pellet production, their accumulation at the bottom, and the matter transfer associated with that. ISSN 0012-4966. --KEY WORDS: gastropods, Lymnaea stagnalis, Radix ovata, Physa fontinalis, Nuphar lutea, Taraxacum officinale, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide, TDTMA, mollusks, pellet sedimentation, vertical transfer, chemical elements, aquatic ecosystem, nitrogen, phosphorus, silicium, Si, ecological hazard, environmental pollution, pollutant, synthetic surfactant, cationic surfactants, tensides, quaternary ammonium compounds, sublethal concentrations, contaminants, matter transfer, xenobiotics, toxicity, bioassay, microcosm, detritus, feeding rate, invertebrates, biogeochemistry, water self-purification; тетрадецилтриметиламмонийбромид, ТДТМА, моллюски, седиментация, пеллеты, вертикальный перенос, химические элементы, водные экосистемы, азот, фосфор, кремний, Si, экологическая опасность, загрязнение окружающей среды, поллютанты, синтетическое поверхностно-активное вещество, ПАВ, катионные поверхностно-активные вещества, четвертичные соединения аммония, сублетальные концентрации загрязняющих веществ, перенос вещества, ксенобиотики, токсичность, микрокосм, детрит, скорость питания, беспозвоночные, биогеохимия, самоочищение воды; --FULL TEXT /текст статьи see: http://scipeople.ru/users/2943391/