Надежда Печерская » Публикация

Аннотация Retention and continuous formation of humanistic and life-affiming senses demands from the scientifi community not only showing interest to, but also permanent studying the moral consciousness aspect of the personality. In the 1990s almost no attention was paid to the research. Most studies published in this area relate to the 1960s - 1980s. The interest to the subject in the cultural and historical space initially for the Russian science can be traced in two levels - ideological and pragmatic. In the fist case, historically formed principles of the Soviet ideology, documenting the phrases “moral character of a Soviet man” or “communism builder” turned them into voluntary and compulsory model of building horizons of the individual's expectations. On the one hand, requirements reflcted the signs of the Soviet period totalitarianism, on the other hand, they demonstrated the historical background for emergence of the dissident movement in Russia. Its ideological attenuation was associated with the loss of national values, their criticism being the reason of its origin. The loss of the values in the former Soviet Union was justifid by purely pragmatic purposes, excessively activating hedonistic interests. In this context, subsequent simplifiation of communication with a mass audience negates the moral communication in itself. The ideological role of moral knowledge in the national idea development changed as well. Priorities were predominantly set in a descending order, from economically adjusted interests to rather unpopular moral connotations. The opportunity to create a fully justifid, adequate picture of a social life, to evaluate events and phenomena, to develop a personal position and behavior model through the mass media is lost. The natural human desire to live in accordance with metaneeds was suppressed or frustrated, it faced criminalization of the mass media information flw. Self-actualization impossible for a personality exacerbated its metapathology. Plunging in the humanities, in the moral consciousness studies, the elemental approach, according to which comprehension of the whole is performed by the study of its components, dominates. Instantiation of wordings in the system of moral knowledge (ideas, concepts) in combination with value judgments, allow to consider the mass media impact on the mass consciousness in terms of the “moral - immoral”, “spiritual - spiritless” ratios. Thus, we inevitably come into contact with the sphere of not only psychoanalysis, but philosophy, religious ethics. It is in tune with the thesis stating that the heritable nature of a man has something that always draws him/her to justice, deeds, self-assertion, allowing manifestation of his/her aggression in imposing his/her will.