Сергей (sergei) Остроумов (ostroumov) » Публикация

Аннотация http://scipeople.com/publication/99279/;Overview of new data on the effects of surfactants and detergents on prokaryotes, algae, flagellates, vascular plants and animals - ecological and biospheric importance: new priorities and the new facet of bio-chemical ecology (on the basis of the author’s studies) – In: Biological Effects of Surfactants and the Biosphere. / S.A. Ostroumov. Moscow. MAX Press, 2000, p. 84-113. In English. (Series Ecological Studies, Hazards, Solutions, vol.2). ISBN 5-317-00040-8. References on pp. 102-113. A review and summary of a series of experimental publications of the author on various biological effects of synthetic surfactants and detergents. The range of biolgical species used in bioassay was diverse. We have used a broad spectrum of freshwater and marine species, ranging from bacteria to higher invertebrates. The typical and representative species included: 1. Autotrophs, e.g., the cyanobacteria Synechococcus, diatoms Thalassiosira pseudonana (Hustedt) Hasle et Heimdal, green algae Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) Bréb, vascular plants Pistia stratiotes L., Elodea canadensis Michx., Sinapis alba L., Fagopyrum esculentum Moench, Oryza sativa L., Lepidium sativum L., Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz, and Triticum aestivum L. 2. Heterotrophs, e.g., the bacteria Hyphomonas, gastropod Lymnaea stagnalis, freshwater bivalves Unio tumidus, marine bivalves Mytilus edulis, M. galloprovincialis, and annelid Hirudo medicinalis. A new method for quantitative data analysis and the juxtaposition of the results of assessing biological activities has been developed (Ostroumov, 1990 a, 1991 a,b). New variants of methods for characterizing filtration rates by benthic invertebrates were also proposed and successfully used. The main substances, the biological effects of which were analysed, included representatives of all main classes of synthetic surfactants: 1. Anionic surfactants: sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), and sulfonol; 2. Non-ionic surfactant: a representative of alkylphenols, Triton X100 (TX100, TX); 3. Cationic surfactants: representatives of quarternary ammonium compounds, e.g., dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, and tetradecyltrymethylammonium bromide (TDTMA). 4. High-molecular weight surfactants: e.g., SHMA. In addition, a number of industrial detergents that contain surfactants as part of the mixture were studied. Those included, e.g., Tide, Losk, Kristall, Bio-S. Also, some products were investigated which were being used as body-care products. To make comparisons, we also studied the bioeffects of pesticides, e.g., DNOC and lontrel. Detergents that were studied: Kristall (Ostroumov, 1991; Ostroumov, Wasternak, 1991; Ostroumov et al., 1998), Bio-S (Wasternak, Ostroumov, 1990), Tide, Losk, Lotos, Kashtan, Verbena, Vilva; Tide-Lemon, Losk-Universal, Lotos-Extra; and a body-care mixture similar to a shampoo: Avon Herbal Care. Some of the biotests (bioassays) used fish (Cyprinus carpio). Key words: cyanobacteria Synechococcus, diatoms Thalassiosira pseudonana (Hustedt) Hasle et Heimdal, green algae Scenedesmus quadricauda (Turp.) Bréb, vascular plants Pistia stratiotes L., Elodea canadensis Michx., Sinapis alba L., Fagopyrum esculentum Moench, Oryza sativa L., Lepidium sativum L., Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz, Triticum aestivum L., Heterotrophs, e.g., the bacteria Hyphomonas, gastropod Lymnaea stagnalis, freshwater bivalves Unio tumidus, marine bivalves Mytilus edulis, M. galloprovincialis, annelid Hirudo medicinalis; Monochrysis lutheri, Chlorella vulgaris, Brachionus angularis; B. angularis; Brachionus plicatilis , Synechocystis 6803, Spirulina platensis; Olisthodiscus luteus; bioassay, biotesting, pollutants, environmental hazards, environmental safety, ecotoxicology; С.А. Остроумов; качество воды, water quality, filtration activity; self-purification, seedlings, проростки растений